Knox Radar

Weather radar for the places the network cannot see.

Low-cost X-band phased-array radar, built to fill the gaps the national network leaves behind — priced so a county, a co-op or a utility can actually buy one.

X-bandPhased arrayNo moving parts Fixed siteEast Tennessee
The gap

Rain falls on the mountains.
The valley finds out when the creek comes up.

The national radar network is excellent at what it was built for. It was not built to see into hollows, and it was never going to be dense enough to cover terrain like ours.

4,600 ft
The blind layer
Large parts of the atmosphere below roughly this height go unobserved: the earth curves away from the lowest beam, and ridges block whatever is left. That is the layer where flash flooding and low-level rotation actually happen.
NOAA, Gaps in NEXRAD Radar Coverage
$4.77M
One national-network radar
The delivered cost of a single WSR-88D. There is no version of the future where the federal government buys three hundred more of them to fill in terrain gaps county by county.
Historical WSR-88D unit cost
$150M
Just to keep it alive
The eight-year service life extension programme now running across NOAA, the Air Force and the FAA — spent maintaining the network that already exists, not extending it.
NEXRAD Service Life Extension Program
national network beam — nearest radar ~100 mi away below this line, nothing is observed rain nobody downstream can see yet Knox Radar on the ridge, looking down

A radar a hundred miles away is already looking over your head by the time its beam reaches you — and in the Smokies the ridges take the rest. Put a small radar on the ridge instead and the same storm is in plain view.

Why this matters in East Tennessee

Water does not fall where it floods. It falls on the mountains, gathers in creeks that have no floodplain to speak of, and arrives in the valley fast. A farm on a ridge or down a hollow gets no useful warning from a radar beam passing thousands of feet overhead — the first sign is the water.

The people who need that lead time most are the ones the network serves worst: farms outside town, road crews, small municipal utilities, county emergency management offices without a meteorologist on staff. They are not short of forecasts. They are short of a look at what is happening right now, near the ground, on their side of the ridge.

Approach

Three decisions, and what each one costs.

Everything here follows from one constraint: it has to be cheap enough that a county can sign the cheque without a federal grant.

01 / BAND

X-band

A shorter wavelength gets a narrow beam out of a small antenna. That is what keeps the whole system down to something two people can put up on a ridge, and it is why X-band is the standard choice for filling gaps in a network.

The trade: X-band attenuates in heavy rain. This is a short-range instrument that sees your valley clearly — not a replacement for the national network, and we will not pretend otherwise.
02 / STEERING

Phased array, fixed site

The beam is steered electronically. No motor, no rotating joint, no gearbox, no slip ring — nothing that has to keep turning through a February on an exposed ridge. It also scans faster than a dish can physically move.

The trade: more electronics up front. That is the right side of the bargain when the alternative is a service call up a mountain.
03 / PRICE

Under $350,000

The target is a system a county, a co-op or a utility can buy outright — roughly a fourteenth of one national-network radar. Price is not a feature we added at the end; it is the specification everything else was designed against.

The trade: we build to a number. Where a cheaper part does the job, it goes in.
The system

What we are building.

A fixed-site, solid-state, electronically steered X-band radar. Figures marked TARGET are design goals for the first production unit, not measured results — we will publish measurements when we have them.

ParameterValue
BandX-band (9.3–9.5 GHz)
AntennaElectronically steered phased array
Moving partsNone
SitingFixed — tower, rooftop or ridge pad
Intended roleGap filling beneath the national network
TransmitterSolid state TARGET
PolarisationDual TARGET
ProductsReflectivity, radial velocity TARGET
System costUnder $350,000 TARGET
Who it is for

People who need to see the next hour.

County emergency management

Lead time on flash flooding in terrain where the national beam is already overhead.

Farms and co-ops

Whether the rain on the ridge is coming down to you, and how fast — before it does.

Utilities and road crews

Where to stage crews tonight, based on what is falling now rather than a regional forecast.

Small airports and towns

Local, low-level coverage without a federal programme attached to it.

Team

Two people who build the hardware.

Not a paper company. The boards exist.

Caleb Murray
Radar & RF electronics

Field experience at EWR Radar Systems, which has been building portable X-band weather radar since 1982 and has several hundred systems deployed worldwide. He has worked on these machines where they actually stand, not just where they are designed.

  • Has already built most of the boards this radar needs
  • X-band weather radar in the field, on real installations
  • RF and signal chain design
Simon Buhl
Hardware & structures

Custom hardware end to end — from board layout through to the physical thing that holds a radar upright on a ridge in the weather. Designs and fabricates the mount, the enclosure and the stand as part of the same job as the electronics.

  • Custom PCB design and fabrication
  • Mechanical design, mounts, enclosures and structures
  • Builds and integrates complete systems, not just boards

Tell us where your gap is.

If you manage a county, a co-op, a utility or a campus and you know exactly which storms you never see coming — we would like to hear about it. That is how the first ones get sited.

hello@knoxradar.com